LINKING
OFFENSIVE AND DEFENSIVE EFFICIENCY TO WINS
Here is the model
linking winning percentage to offensive and defensive efficiency
You can use this if you
wish to figure out the expected wins for each team
(t-statistics
in parenthesis beneath each independent variable)
Model estimated with
data from 1991-92 to 2006-07
Winning Percentage = 0.480 + 3.138 * Offensive Efficiency – 3.119
*Defensive Efficiency
(6.77) (63.8) (-56.1)
Adjusted R2 =
0.94
Where
Offensive Efficiency =
Points Scored divided by Possessions Employed (PE)
Defensive Efficiency =
Points Surrendered divided by Possessions Acquired (PA)
Where
PE = FGA + 0.45*FTA + TO
– REBO
PA = DFGM + 0.45*DFTM +
REBD + DTO + REBTM
Where
|
FGA
= Field Goal Attempts |
FTA
= Free Throw Attempts |
|
TO
= Turnovers |
REBO
= Offensive Rebounds |
|
DFGM
= Opponent’s Field Goals Made |
DFTM
= Opponent’s Free Throws Made |
|
REBD
= Defensive Rebounds |
DTO
= Opponent’s Turnovers |
|
REBTM
= Team Rebounds |
|
Readers of The Wages of Wins know we
go from this basic model to the evaluation of each player’s Wins Produced (the
steps – and there are four of them – are detailed in Chapter Six of the
book). And readers of the book also know
that from Wins Produced we get Win Score.
It is also useful to review what is
noted in the Technical
Notes to the book:
Win Score and Wins Produced, the two
models we use to evaluate NBA players, were both extensively detailed in the
book (two chapters and eight pages of end notes are devoted to the construction
of these two models). Still, for those
interested in even more details, the following papers will be of interest.
Berri, David J. (1999).
“Who is Most Valuable? Measuring the Player’s Production of
Wins in the National Basketball Association.”
Managerial
and Decision Economics,
20, n8; Fall: 411- 427.
Berri,
David J., and Anthony Krautmann. (2006).
"Shirking on the Court: Testing for the Dis-Incentive
Effects of Guaranteed Pay."
Economic
Inquiry. 44, n3; (July):
536-546.
Berri (1999) presents a model of wins that is not quite as good
as the one presented in The Wages of Wins.
But the steps one follows to go from the estimation of the wins model to
the measure of wins produced by a player are explained.
Berri and Krautmann (2006) presented
the basic model of wins (based on offensive and defensive efficiency, which you
can also see HERE) used
in The Wages of Wins. This paper also
details a version of the metric labeled Win Score in the book. The Berri and Krautmann (2006) work, though, does
not incorporate blocked shots, personal fouls, and assists. How those are added into the model is
detailed in The Wages of Wins.
Or, you can turn to the following
paper (to be published in 2008):
Berri, David J. “A Simple Measure of Worker Productivity in the National Basketball
Association.” In The Business of Sport, eds. Brad Humphreys and
Dennis Howard, editors, 3 volumes, Westport, Conn.: Praeger.
forthcoming in 2008.
This paper presents the entire Wins
Produced and Win Score model. If you
read The Wages of Wins, as well as Berri (1999) and Berri and Krautmann (2006), you
will not learn much that is new. You
will see an explanation of the link between team wins and offensive and
defensive efficiency. But once that link
is established, readers of the book and the previous article will see much that
is quite familiar. Still, it might be
good to see the entire story presented at once.